12. Đẳng thế

Nguyên tắc con

1. Change the working conditions so no lifting or lowering is needed, keeping everything at one energy level

Ví dụ

• A canal that raises and lowers boats with locks
• A workbench set to the conveyor's height
• A service pit that lets mechanics work beneath a car

Ứng dụng theo lĩnh vực

• mechanical: Lifting a heavy die into a press needs a crane. A roller cart at the same height as the press bed lets it slide straight across.
• electronics: Small differences in ground potential between devices drive noise currents. Bonding all devices to one point puts them at the same potential and the noise drops sharply.
• medical: Lifting a patient from bed to operating table risks injury to everyone. Matching the heights and sliding the patient across on a transfer board avoids the lift.
• everyday: Wheelchairs and strollers struggle with bus steps. A bus whose floor sits close to curb height needs only a short ramp for them to roll in.