Thay hệ cơ học bằng trường quang, âm, nhiệt, điện, từ; dùng trường tương tác.
Nguyên tắc con
Replace a mechanical means with an optical, acoustic, thermal or olfactory one
Use electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields to interact with the object
Turn a fixed field into a moving one, or a constant field into a changing one
Combine a field with ferromagnetic particles
Ví dụ
A smart door lock opened by a radio signal instead of a key
A wireless charger with no contact
Town gas odorized so leaks can be smelled
Ứng dụng theo lĩnh vực
mechanical: Gripping metal parts with mechanical jaws marks their surface. An electromagnet lifts and moves them without scratches.
medical: Seeing inside the body used to mean cutting it open. Sound sent into the body and its echoes show what is inside.
materials: A rubber seal around a rotating shaft wears by rubbing. A liquid loaded with magnetic particles, held around the shaft by magnets, closes the gap with nothing to wear.
electronics: A fixed magnet cannot keep pushing metal in one direction. Switching current through a row of coils in sequence makes a travelling magnetic field that drives the metal along.
Xuất hiện trong 231 ô của ma trận mâu thuẫn cổ điển. Phần tiếng Anh giữ nguyên văn nguồn; bản dịch tiếng Việt đang hiệu đính.