30. Vỏ dẻo và màng mỏng

Nguyên tắc con

1. Use flexible shells or thin films in place of bulky structures
2. Isolate the object from its environment with a flexible membrane

Ví dụ

• A plastic-film greenhouse
• Cling film around food
• A waterproof breathable membrane

Ứng dụng theo lĩnh vực

• medical: Gauze over a wound does little to keep water out and hides the wound. A thin transparent film blocks water and germs while the wound stays visible.
• mechanical: Roofing a large space with steel is heavy and slow to build. An air-inflated membrane covers it without columns.
• electronics: A rigid circuit board cannot pass through the hinge of a folding device. Wiring printed on a thin flexible film runs through the hinge.
• everyday: Things in a backpack get wet in the rain. A thin waterproof bag inside the pack wraps them separately.